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Evaluation of a Health Promotion Teaching Intervention

Hypertension is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality in the United States and around the world (Carey et al., 2021). The management of high blood pressure requires the use of medication and modifications to one’s lifestyle. The major focus in the management of hypertensive patients is to improve their capacity to self-manage the condition. Healthcare providers are responsible for educating the patient on how to care for themselves. In a previous clinical encounter, K.W., a 54-year-old African-American Male, was diagnosed with hypertension. A teaching plan was developed based on K.W.’s condition. The health promotion teaching plan includes content on hypertension, the underlying risk factors contributing to the development of the condition, associated common and specific symptoms, and the necessary lifestyle changes necessary for self-management of hypertension. The teaching plan aimed to improve K.W.’s understanding of hypertension, the elements that risk increasing his hypertensive state, and the health risks he was predisposed to if his hypertensive status was not managed. The teaching plan also included the adoption of interventions to improve his eating habits and his levels of physical activity. Additionally, the plan identified various lifestyle changes that K.W. needed to make to manage and resolve the underlying factors fueling his high blood pressure. This paper presents an evaluation of the health promotion and teaching on hypertension management plan implemented as an intervention aimed at improving K.W.’s self-management skills towards managing his hypertensive status.

Summary of Interview with K.W.

Mr. K.W. was expected to come to the clinic from time to time throughout his care. In the current session, we evaluated the teaching plan intervention to identify what has been achieved to date using an interview. The first focus of the interview was to identify Mr. K.W.’s experiences throughout the teaching plan and session, where he noted that he has been enjoying it a lot. The next question was on the goals achieved per the teaching plan, both short-term and long-term. The client noted that he had achieved most of the goals set in the teaching plan. For instance, he noted he had achieved his short-term goals, including checking and logging his blood pressure daily, as well as meditating and improving his physical activity to 60 minutes. In the long-term goals, although he notes that he has been able to lose over 5 pounds as per the goal, he has failed to fully adhere to the self-management training plan by failing to stop his high sodium intake from fast foods.

Mr. K.W. notes that he is comfortable with the plan as it is and does not see any reason to change the teaching plan. He relates his failure to reduce his sodium and saturated fat intake to his inability to resist fast foods, as the adverts and photos posted by friends on social media for fast foods make it hard to overcome his eating habits. The case of McDonald’s social media advertising on platforms such as Instagram significantly influences the population’s eating habits and may risk poor diet and eating habits (Cassidy et al., 2021). Additionally, K.W. notes it is hard to adapt to new eating habits that do not constitute fast foods. The client feels the teaching plan was effective and has contributed to his current knowledge of hypertension and his behavior and lifestyle changes. However, he thinks that because he is old and knows how to use his phone and has a laptop, we should send him videos on self-management rather than brochures for teaching materials. He also noted that he usually misplaces the brochure and is sometimes too bored to look at it.

 

 


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